On 22 October, NATO unveiled its new strategy regarding the future use of Artificial Intelligence (AI). This acknowledges the fact that AI is altering the state of defence and security globally and is likely to lead to more technologically advanced threats to the organisation. As such, NATO plans to keep its technological edge through a joint plan to advance its use of AI in defence and security. The four-pronged strategy involves “providing a foundation” for allies and member states to develop their AI capabilities, improve interoperability among members via the publication of AI Use Cases and new programmes, take into account “security policy considerations”, and identify possible threats made by hostile actors against the Alliance through the use of AI.

NATO has stated it will aim to cooperate intensively with the private sector and academia to develop and deploy AI technology. To do so, NATO intends to shift towards employing more AI- or cyber-related talent and employees. “High-level dialogues” will be held between NATO and major technology companies to develop a joint strategic-political outlook on AI use and the nature of future threats in light of its wider adoption. NATO aims to remain at the forefront of defensive and security-related AI and guard against its malicious use. The Organisation’s Principles of Responsible Use will also be operationalised, and its scope will coverAI. For example, AI applications will be used in line with UN human rights laws and conventions, bear human responsibility, and be transparent through NATO or member state-level verification. Rigorous and regular testing and certification will ensure reliability. The machines will be governable by limiting their use to the desired functions and maintaining the capacity to disengage or deactivate them when necessary. Bias mitigation measures will also be established to minimise any form of discrimination in the project.