Read more about the article A regulatory roadmap to EU’s Security of Supply in Defence: Assessing the current legal framework effort and the next steps toward an effective Security of Supply Strategy
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A regulatory roadmap to EU’s Security of Supply in Defence: Assessing the current legal framework effort and the next steps toward an effective Security of Supply Strategy

Security of Supply in Defence has progressively shifted from being the sole interest of Member States to an area where the EU plays an increasingly important role. From the Directive on Defence Procurement and Intra-EU transfers to ASAP and EDIRPA, this paper examines the potential and limitations of the EU legal framework in supporting the Union’s Security of Supply. This analysis will lead us to consider the EU’s ability to ensure robust Security of Supply further through its EDIP proposal, marking a new step toward strategic autonomy.

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18 March 2025
Read more about the article Long-Range Capabilities Development in Ukraine: Current Projects and Implications for Europe
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Long-Range Capabilities Development in Ukraine: Current Projects and Implications for Europe

The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine demonstrated how crucial long-range capabilities are in modern warfare. After a brief overview of Ukraine and Russia’s situation in this area at the beginning of the hostilities as well as the Western policy over missile supplies to Ukraine, this paper analyses how Ukraine has focused on the development of domestic long-range munitions to pursue a more autonomous strategic interdiction campaign against Russia, increasing its future deterrence potential. The study also discusses what implications these projects could have on future European missile capabilities in the context of an uncertain security environment and increased disengagement from the United States vis a vis European security.

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17 March 2025
Read more about the article Rapid Response in a Changing World: The New Force Model (NFM) as a Game Changer for NATO’s Readiness?
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Rapid Response in a Changing World: The New Force Model (NFM) as a Game Changer for NATO’s Readiness?

The New Force Model (NFM) represents a fundamental shift in NATO’s defence posture. This strategy is designed to enhance rapid deployment, deterrence, and interoperability in response to the current volatile geopolitical context characterised by evolving security threats. This study examines the NFM’s origins, structural evolution, and operational implications, particularly considering Russia’s aggression and the new dimensions of hybrid warfare. A key element of this transformation is the Allied Reaction Force (ARF), whose multi-domain capabilities are currently being assessed through Steadfast Dart 2025 (STDT25), NATO’s largest military exercise of the year. The findings highlight progress in force readiness while underscoring persistent challenges, including logistical coordination and multinational integration. As NATO adapts to modern warfare, refining the NFM will be essential to maintaining credible deterrence and collective defence.

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11 March 2025
Read more about the article NATO Unveils Baltic Sentry: A New Security Mission for Undersea Pipelines and Cables
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NATO Unveils Baltic Sentry: A New Security Mission for Undersea Pipelines and Cables

In response to escalating threats, NATO launched Operation Baltic Sentry, a coordinated effort to secure undersea communication and energy networks from sabotage and cyber-attacks. This paper examines the strategic importance of the Baltic Sea, the evolving nature of hybrid warfare, and the core components of the Baltic Sentry initiative. It explores the role of naval assets, surveillance technologies, and multinational cooperation in countering emerging threats. Additionally, the study evaluates the mission’s implications for regional security and NATO’s long-term strategic posture. While Baltic Sentry marks a crucial step in securing vital infrastructure, challenges such as resource limitations and the complexity of hybrid threats necessitate ongoing adaptation. The operation underscores the need for enhanced intelligence-sharing, advanced surveillance systems, and sustained multinational collaboration to safeguard stability in the region.

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25 February 2025
Read more about the article Reassessing the Euro-Atlantic Nuclear Umbrella in the 21st Century
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Reassessing the Euro-Atlantic Nuclear Umbrella in the 21st Century

This article assesses the credibility of the current Euro-Atlantic nuclear deterrence in the context of 21st century geopolitical and technological challenges. Russia’s ‘escalate to de-escalate’ strategy and modernisation of its nuclear triad pose significant challenges to NATO’s deterrent credibility. Simultaneously, China’s rapid military advancements and growing strategic alliance with Russia complicate the Euro-Atlantic security picture. The advent of disruptive technologies, such as hypersonic missiles and artificial intelligence (AI), creates new vulnerabilities in nuclear command, control, and communication (NC3) systems, increasing worries about decision-making processes and the possibility of catastrophic mistakes. To meet these developing threats, this paper contends that NATO must modernise its nuclear arsenal, strengthen transatlantic coordination, and pursue strong arms control and diplomatic measures. NATO can adapt to the difficulties of great power rivalry by combining conventional, nuclear, and hybrid response techniques, ensuring its sustained position in global security and stability.

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4 February 2025