Read more about the article The Importance of Electronic Warfare for European Land Forces: Lessons from the War in Ukraine
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The Importance of Electronic Warfare for European Land Forces: Lessons from the War in Ukraine

Armed forces in all domains are becoming increasingly reliant on electronic equipment that uses the electromagnetic spectrum (EMS) and its associated frequencies. Electronic warfare (EW) serves both to secure and to deny access to the EMS. The war in Ukraine had demonstrated that EW capabilities are now crucial for land forces, with their scope and applications continuously expanding. For example, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become the focus of a contest in EW between Ukraine and Russia, with each side attempting to deny the other the use of these systems and the EMS necessary for their operation. European land forces should observe and assimilate the lessons from Ukraine’s experience in EW, as their own EW capabilities have become largely obsolete or insufficient.

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31 March 2025
Read more about the article The Application of Artificial Intelligence to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and the Challenge of Targeting
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The Application of Artificial Intelligence to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and the Challenge of Targeting

As Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) proliferate on battlefields from Ukraine to the Middle East, states and private actors are increasingly moving towards equipping them with Artificial Intelligence (AI). AI-enabled UAVs excel in intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance and can effectively counter enemy electronic warfare measures. However, they also raise ethical and legal concerns, particularly when AI is applied in targeting processes. As a result, many in the international community have called for their regulation or an outright ban. Failure to properly regulate the development and use of AI-enabled drones could lead to their proliferation and also to human rights abuses, especially among non-state actors.

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26 February 2025
Read more about the article Europe Adrift: The Incoming Trump Presidency and the EU’s Strategic Void in Ukraine
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Europe Adrift: The Incoming Trump Presidency and the EU’s Strategic Void in Ukraine

The Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 has exposed the critical state of the European Union’s defence and security strategies. At the same time, the EU’s Strategic Compass outlined a vision for greater defence integration, long-standing divides among member states persist, hindering coherent action. The initial unified response to Russia’s aggression has faded into a strategic divergence, with contrasting national priorities. The prospect of a Trump administration in 2025 exacerbates Europe’s security vulnerabilities, as Ukraine remains heavily dependent on US military aid. The failure to prepare for a US withdrawal leaves the EU strategically paralysed, risking both Kyiv’s sovereignty and Europe’s future security. This study explores the consequences of this strategic void and underlines the importance for the EU to develop a unified defence strategy.

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19 December 2024
Read more about the article The Moscow Army Expo 2022 takes place amid the Russia-Ukraine war
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The Moscow Army Expo 2022 takes place amid the Russia-Ukraine war

The international military-technical forum "Army-2022" officially opened on August 15 and lasted until August 21 in the Moscow Region Exhibition Centre "Patriot". The event was organised by the Russian Ministry of Defence. The format of the forum included exhibitions, demonstrations, scientific and business programs as well as cultural and artistic events. The dominant agenda topics of business events were artificial intelligence technologies and the diversification of the Russian defence industry. (Aviation&Defence Universe, 2022). The annual expo comes nearly six months after the start of Russia's invasion of Ukraine and it included a variety of “family-friendly” exhibits designed to promote the Kremlin’s propaganda narrative. (Meduza, 2022).

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16 September 2022
Read more about the article European Union Seeks to Deepen Defence Capabilities in Response to Ukraine Conflict
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European Union Seeks to Deepen Defence Capabilities in Response to Ukraine Conflict

In response to the current hostilities in Ukraine, the European Union (EU) Commission (2022) has announced in a recent press release that it is committed to deepening its defence capabilities and broadening its defence cooperation. This goal has been reported in light of the recent informal meeting of Heads of State and Government in Versailles.

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25 May 2022