Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Warfare
New artificially intelligent technologies are being developed and becoming crucial for commercial, economic, and scientific progress. The defence sector is adopting AI to enhance security, using it “for repetitive tasks to free up security staff for projects that require human ingenuity” (Murugesan, 2022, p. 4), and “NATO Member States have already started to invest in this technology” (Carlo, 2021, p. 269). While AI offers benefits, it brings “dramatic changes in the strategy, operational art, tactics and doctrines of the warring sides” (Ploumis, 2022, p. 1) and may increase cyber-attack threats (Kline et al., 2019). AI is expected to impact “the conduct of warfare, bring new capabilities into being, and alter power equations” (Singh Gill, 2019, p. 169). This paper explores how AI affects conflicts, focusing on its benefits, risks, and implications for military cooperation, technological compatibility, and ethical considerations.