The Downfall of Wagner and the Rise of Redut: The Growing Challenge of Russian PMCs for European Security

The collapse of the Wagner Group has paved the way for Redut, a GRU-backed private military company (PMC), to emerge as a key Kremlin tool for hybrid warfare. Operating in Ukraine, Africa, and Eastern Europe, the shadowy operational capabilities of Redut pose significant challenges to European Union (EU) missions and international stability. This report examines Redut’s structure, strategic objectives, and the broader implications of Russian PMC activities on global security and geopolitics. This paper discovers how Redut symbolises Russia’s evolving strategy in leveraging private military influence in conflict zones. Read the full analysis:

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Seabed and hybrid warfare in Europe: the strategic importance of undersea cables in the Baltic region

The Russian full-scale invasion of Ukraine has greatly transformed the political and military landscape in Europe. Amidst a tense strategic environment, the Nordic-Baltic region has emerged as a potential point of friction between Russian and NATO allies. The undersea cables beneath the Baltic Sea, which hold a vital importance for military communications, internet, and financial traffic, are a focal point in the battlefield preparation according to the Russian hybrid war planning. This study looks at the importance of sub-sea telecommunications infrastructure in the wider Baltic region within the context of hybrid warfare.

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A Coordinated European Response to Hybrid Threats

In recent years, the topic of hybrid threats has become increasingly critical until being considered the 21st security challenge. Whereas the concept of hybrid threats may be considered new, linked to the developments of new technologies, it is not. Many of the tools of hybrid warfare are old, with the main exception being represented by the ones belonging to the cyber realm. However, the development of new technologies boosted the use of old tools, such as propaganda, by lowering their costs. Undoubtedly, the new reality in which we live increases the effectiveness of hybrid threats, because their strength lies in the possibility of combining activities and tools from different arenas. For example, the changes in the information and media landscape made the domain appealing to state and non-state actors for disinformation activities.

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