Read more about the article The Crescent and The Star: A Turkish Option for the European Defence
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The Crescent and The Star: A Turkish Option for the European Defence

This paper examines the evolving role of Türkiye’s military-industrial complex within the European security framework in light of shifting global power dynamics and the growing strategic autonomy debates within the European Union. As the United States retreats into isolationist policies, echoed by the Trump administration's stance on Ukraine, Europe increasingly seeks alternative and critical partnerships to bolster its defense capabilities. Türkiye, with its rapidly expanding indigenous defense industry and proven operational successes in previous conflicts such as Karabakh and Syria, emerges as a pivotal albeit complex partner for Europe. The study analyses Türkiye’s key defense platforms, including UAVs, naval assets like TCG Anadolu and PİRİREİS, and its collaboration with European companies such as Leonardo. It also evaluates the strategic opportunities and political risks involved in deepening military cooperation between Türkiye and the EU. The paper concludes by offering policy recommendations to balance pragmatic defense collaboration with broader geopolitical considerations.

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26 March 2025
Read more about the article TCG Anadolu: The Dawn of Drone-Centric Naval Power Projection
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TCG Anadolu: The Dawn of Drone-Centric Naval Power Projection

This paper examines the strategic transformation embodied by Türkiye’s drone-centric naval platform TCG Anadolu, reconfigured from an amphibious assault ship—in response to geopolitical shifts and drone warfare lessons from the war against Ukraine. Following the transitioning from manned aviation to advanced unmanned systems Bayraktar TB3 and Kizilelma, the paper compares global responses to these platforms and evaluates vulnerabilities in conventional aircraft carriers that may encourage navies to adopt drone-centric platforms. The analysis shows that while drone carriers enhance operational flexibility and cost-efficiency for low-intensity missions, their effectiveness depends on future technological advancements. These findings underscore the evolving impact of unmanned systems on naval power projection and modern maritime warfare.

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24 March 2025
Read more about the article Conflict-Related Sexual Violence Under International Law and the Role of Peacekeeping Missions
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Conflict-Related Sexual Violence Under International Law and the Role of Peacekeeping Missions

Conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV) is a grave violation of International Law and International Humanitarian Law, as well as a serious challenge in armed conflicts and global security, however is a crime that is frequently ignored and under-reported. The paper traces the development of the legal framework under which CRSV is recognised and explores the role of peacekeeping missions in preventing and responding to this phenomenon, underlining that CRSV is not an inevitable consequence of war, but a weapon used to control the population.

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20 March 2025
Read more about the article The AI War Machine: Chinese State-Conscious Cybernetics and the Evolution of Military Intelligence
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The AI War Machine: Chinese State-Conscious Cybernetics and the Evolution of Military Intelligence

This paper explores the evolving landscape of intelligentised warfare, focusing on the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), cybernetics, and cognitive warfare into modern military strategy. It examines how China and the European Union (EU) approach AI-driven military development, highlighting the People’s Liberation Army’s (PLA) intelligentised warfare doctrine, its emphasis on autonomous systems, AI-enhanced command structures and information dominance, as well as its strategic implications for Taiwan and future conflicts. Meanwhile, Europe’s perspective is shaped by ethical AI governance, NATO’s military AI strategy, and cognitive warfare countermeasures, reflecting tensions between technological sovereignty and regulatory constraints. The study also investigates the role of cybernetic control loops in AI warfare, the PLA’s cyber transformation, and the impact of AI-enabled disinformation, deepfake propaganda, and automated battlefield logistics on military engagement. Ultimately, the paper argues that intelligentised warfare represents not just an evolution in military technology but a fundamental shift in the nature of conflict, where the lines between physical war, cyber operations, and psychological warfare are increasingly blurred. The findings underscore the need for robust international AI governance to mitigate risks associated with autonomous military escalation and cognitive warfare strategies.

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19 March 2025
Read more about the article A regulatory roadmap to EU’s Security of Supply in Defence: Assessing the current legal framework effort and the next steps toward an effective Security of Supply Strategy
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A regulatory roadmap to EU’s Security of Supply in Defence: Assessing the current legal framework effort and the next steps toward an effective Security of Supply Strategy

Security of Supply in Defence has progressively shifted from being the sole interest of Member States to an area where the EU plays an increasingly important role. From the Directive on Defence Procurement and Intra-EU transfers to ASAP and EDIRPA, this paper examines the potential and limitations of the EU legal framework in supporting the Union’s Security of Supply. This analysis will lead us to consider the EU’s ability to ensure robust Security of Supply further through its EDIP proposal, marking a new step toward strategic autonomy.

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18 March 2025