Written By: Peter Trobec  Supervised By: Giustiniano Cesare Vasey Edited By: Alice O’Donnell ABSTRACT During armed conflicts, international humanitarian law (IHL) or the laws of armed conflict restrict the freedom…

Written By: Rodrigo Andrade Santos Supervised By: Elise Alsteens & Jennifer Kalushi Edited By: Jackson Elder ABSTRACT Building on this series’ first part on emerging capabilities in undersea warfare, this…

Written By: Rodrigo Andrade Santos Supervised By: Elise Alsteens & Jennifer Kalushi Edited By: Jackson Elder ABSTRACT This paper discusses anti-submarine warfare (ASW), addressing conventional ASW platforms and doctrine against…

Written By: Clara Torregrosa Basco Supervised By: Giustiniano Cesare Vasey Edited By: Chloé Schuyer ABSTRACT Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping warfare as we know it. As the EU strives to…

Written By: Federico Renda Supervised By: Giustiniano Cesare Vasey Edited By: . Edoardo Dall’Amico ABSTRACT To date, Europe’s defence architecture has been growing into a patchwork of more than 160…